Wow…thats a great question!
I recently got a texas holdem set, and wondered the same thing!

I am not sure that they are intended for anything in particular, other than what you would normally use dice for.

Here’s how I put them to use: I use them to keep track of the amount of the blinds. I play heads-up with my friend. We each get 50 chips for no-limit hold’em, and the blinds start at 1/2. After each hand, increment a die from 1 through to 6. At this point, the blinds go up to 2/4, so we increment the second die from 1 to 2 and reset the first back to 1. We continue to increment the first die from 1 through to 6 after each hand, after which the blinds are 4/8. Since we cap the blinds at 4/8, we just increment the second die to 4 and remove the first from the table.

So, to summarize, we use the dice as a quick reminder of the blinds in our version of heads up texas hold ‘em.

Cheers!

Robert